In 1931 Congress chose The Star Spangled Banner as our national anthem. Here’s an interesting bit of triva by Colleen Kelly from Knowledge News about how our *almost* national anthem, America the Beautiful, came to be.
“America the Beautiful”
This Fourth of July, crown your good
with brotherhood.
When Katharine Lee Bates traveled across the United States, she wrote more than postcards home. Before the trip was over, the Massachusetts educator had composed most of a poem that would become a secular hymn and beloved patriotic song: “America the Beautiful.”
Purple Mountain Majesties
Bates, a professor at Wellesley College, journeyed to Colorado in 1893 to teach. She had been jotting down impressions about the landscape since she left Boston. But her poem really came together after ascending Pike’s Peak in a wagon emblazoned “Pike’s Peak or Bust.”
The experience at the top of the 14,110-foot mountain literally knocked her friends off their feet. Bates later said she had one “brief ecstatic glimpse” of the panorama before two other teachers fainted from the change in altitude and guides rushed the whole party down the mountain.
That evening, she wrote the opening lines of the song we know today. She composed more verses that incorporated her impressions from earlier in the trip. But her poem isn’t just about scenery. Bates told friends that other “great” nations had failed chiefly because they weren’t “good.” Unless America crowned its greatness with goodness–with brotherhood–its magnificence as a land would be for naught.
Heartening Hymn
Upon her return home, Bates looked over the verses she wrote on her trip and pronounced them “disheartening.” Yet when she pulled them out again after two years, she made some revisions and sent the poem to a magazine called The Congregationalist, where it was published in the July 4 issue of 1895. “The hymn attracted an unexpected amount of attention,” Bates would write years later. She revised the poem several times, and it grew more popular as time passed.
The meter of the verse let it be sung to several well-known melodies of the day. Most often, people used a tune called “Materna,” written by Samuel Augustus Ward in 1882 for a hymn called “O Mother Dear, Jerusalem.” In 1926, the National Federation of Music Clubs held a contest to put “America the Beautiful” to original music, but none of the hundreds of entries was deemed as good as Ward’s tune.
National Anthem?
That same year, the song’s supporters made a push to have “America the Beautiful” declared the country’s national anthem. In 1931, Congress chose “The Star-Spangled Banner” instead. Still, the song’s popularity remains strong. It’s been recorded hundreds of times, by everyone from Alvin and the Chipmunks to Boxcar Willie. Elvis even used to belt it out as the finale of his Las Vegas show in the early 1970s.
Bates herself, an early advocate for the education of women, led a remarkably emancipated life for a woman of her time. She headed the English department as Wellesley, traveled through Europe and the Middle East, and studied at Oxford in England. But her most popular and enduring work is this poem that envisions a nation with ideals as great as its landscape.
–Colleen Kelly
America the Beautiful
By 19th-century educator
Katharine Lee Bates
// O beautiful for spacious skies,
For amber waves of grain,
For purple mountain majesties
Above the fruited plain!
America! America!
God shed His grace on thee
And crown thy good with brotherhood
From sea to shining sea!
O beautiful for pilgrim feet,
Whose stern, impassion’d stress
A thoroughfare for freedom beat
Across the wilderness!
America! America!
God mend thine ev’ry flaw,
Confirm thy soul in self-control,
Thy liberty in law!
O beautiful for heroes proved
In liberating strife,
Who more than self their country loved,
And mercy more than life!
America! America!
May God thy gold refine,
Till all success be nobleness,
And ev’ry gain divine!
O beautiful for patriot dream
That sees beyond the years
Thine alabaster cities gleam,
Undimm’d by human tears!
America! America!
God shed His grace on thee
And crown thy good with brotherhood
From sea to shining sea!
–Katharine Lee Bates